CHAPTER 7

I. Contingent Negative Variation (CNV)

A. Short Interstimulus Interval (ISI) - early and late components confounded

1. Type A - large early component
2. Type B - small early component

B. Long ISI

1.O-wave (for Orienting) or Early CNV - related to contingencies between S1 and S2
2.E-wave (for Expectancy) or Late CNV - related to S2 properties, may overlap with a readiness potential

C. Post Imperative Negative Variation (PINV)

 

II. Readiness (Bereitschafts) potential

III. P300

Probably more research on P300 than on any other brain response. Really the foundation of "cognitive" psychophysiology. We'll use Johnson's (1986) Triarchic model of P300 amplitude to organize the many different P300 results.

A.Triarchic Model of P300 Amplitude
P300 Amplitude = f[T x (1/P + M)]

T = information transmission (runs from 0-1, proportion of information loss

P = subjective probability
M = stimulus meaning

Where P300 Amplitude = f[((1-EQ) x AT) x ((GP + SP) + (TC + SC + SV))]

T is affected by: 1) equivocation, the reduction of information due to uncertainty about the stimulus, and 2) inattention. Less equivocation or more attention increases P300 amplitude.

P is affected by both global and local stimulus probability. Lower probabilities increase P300 amplitude.

M is affected by: 1) task complexity, 2) stimulus complexity, and 3) stimulus value (e.g., monetary, or "biological" significance). More complexity or value increases P300 amplitude.