MY SOC 200 ALPHABET
a alpha Probability of making a Type I error. Level you choose for rejecting the null hypothesis.
B
C CI=confidence interval, tells you the interval in which you expect the population parameter to fall
Confidence level = (1-sig.)* 100
d df=degrees of freedom
e epsilon Percentage-point difference between two percentages (as in a crosstabulation); f (subscript e) = expected frequency in calculating the chi-square statistic
f frequency The count or number of cases
fig. = figure (the names of graphs used in titles)
F = F statistic. In Analysis of Variance, tells you whether the means differ from one another; it compares the mean square between to the mean square within.
g gamma A measure of association for ordinal variables
h hypothesis H (subscript 0) = null hypothesis; H (subscript 1) = research hypothesis
i IQR=interquartile range (Q subscript 3 - Q subscript 1)
j
k sampling interval for a systematic sample (with a random start)
the number of categories (response options) in your independent variable when you are conducting Analysis of Variance.
l
m Greek letter mu = the mean in the population; m in the formula for Cramer's V is the smaller of two numbers [either (rows - 1) or (columns - 1)]
N the number of cases
o observation; f (subscript o) = observed frequency in calculating the chi-square statistic
p probability of chance; p = proportion in one category of a dichotomous variable (the proportion in the other category is 1-p)
Greek letter pi = population proportion
Greek letter phi = measure of association used with two dichotomous variables
q quartile (Q subscript 1 = 25th percentile; Q subscript 3 = 75th percentile)
r correlation coefficient (also called Pearson correlation)
s Greek letter sigma = population standard deviation; Latin letter s = standard deviation from the sample
sig. Significance level = p, where p=probability of chance
t t statistic used to test hypotheses when the population parameter is UNKNOWN and the sample statistic is used to estimate it
v Cramer's V = measure of association used with nominal level variables
w
x horizontal axis in a graph;
Greek letter chi as in chi-square, a measure of independence used with crosstabulations to test whether variables are or are not related
y a single score from your sample;
Y-bar is the mean from your sample;
vertical axis in a graph (such as a scatter plot)
z a standardized score found by subtracting the mean from y and dividing by the standard deviation