Mathematical concepts that you will use in this course include these.
| Addition | Subtraction | Multiplication | Division |
| 32 | 37.92 | 45.93 | 9445 divided by |
| 147 | - 8.97 | x .08 | 192 = 49.19 |
| 893 | 28.95 | 3.6744 | |
| + 5 | |||
| 1077 |
Square Roots
Square root of 25 = 5
Square root of 3.78 = 1.944
Square root of .97 = .985
Exponents (Squaring)
5 squared = 25
1.944 squared = 3.78
.985 squared = .97
-2.4 squared = 5.76
Proportions
Tom received 32 points out of a total possible number of points of 68. What proportion
of all points did Tom receive?
32 = .471
68
Fourteen out of the 21 students in class are female. What proportion of the class is
female?
14 = .667
21
Percentages
Tom received 32 points out of a total possible number of points of 68. What percentage
of all points did Tom receive?
Step 1
32 = .471
68
Step 2
.471 x 100 = 47.1%
Fourteen out of the 21 students in class are female. What percentage of the class is
female?
Step 1
14 = .667
21
Step 2
.667 x 100 = 66.7%
Notation
N means "number of cases"
X with a line on top of it (read as "X-bar") means the "average" or "mean"
The Greek letter SIGMA means take the sum of all X's from X1 (the first X) to Xn (the
last or n'th X)