What you find when you search for their final nature is
their unfindability under that sort of analysis. Does this mean that they don’t exist? No, it means they don’t exist
in that way; it means also that they don’t exist in the kinds of ways that we
reflexively think that they do.
C. emptiness exists, but is a negative (a lack, an absence)
Like the lack of elephant in room
Like the absence of married bachelors in Mt. Pleasant.
Like the clarity (lack of clouds) in sky:
Things have a clear, open, unobstructed nature: an empty nature
D. Emptiness is empty
When you look for how chair REALLY exists, you find emptiness of chair;
but when you look for emptiness of chair, it too is unfindable under
analysis.
This is a profound point in
Buddhism. It is not that everything
else is unreal in relation to one THING which is REAL in and of itself (see
Hinduism). Rather, it is that
nothing is real in and of itself; everything exists ONLY in relation to other things.
E. The two truths
But one can still distinguish: ultimate
truth = emptiness
conventional truth = everything else
Both truths are right, are ok; neither contradicts the other;
Two levels of analysis, in effect; two sense channels, two radio channels
Each and everything thing has or is both of these realities.
F. How empty things exist, if not in and of themselves
they exist interdependently:
parts
and wholes
causes and effects
subjects and objects
each depend on each other.
They exist conventionally (part of meaning subj/obj dependence)
They exist as imputations.
They exist less solidly than we expect--but amazingly still function just
fine.
II. How to meditate on emptiness
A. General points
The importance of analysis in this system
analysis as a form of meditation; but not finally liberating
Compare to methods of Theravada, Zen
Can we prove that emptiness is
true? Is this equivalent to trying
to prove that God exists in Christianity? If
emptiness is true, does that make all of Buddhism proven?
B. The structure of the analysis
Cognitive psycholgy example
elephant example
Married bachelor example
C. Actual analysis
1. identifying the object of negation
conjuring up a sense of “I,” catching yourself reifying
painting the target. See
Lama Yeshe.
2. limiting the possibilities
law of excluded middle?
other ways of getting a sense of assurance of
comprehensiveness
Example: finding assurance that: If something did exist in and of itself, it would have to be one with
or different from its parts.
3. Excluding the possibilities, analytically, one at time
for example;
a. if a person were one with the aggregates, then each person would be
five as the aggregates are five; yet that is not the case . . .
b. if a person were truly different from the aggregates, and existed
in and of herself, then she could exist without her body and without her mind, completely separate from them;
yet she cannot|
4. This leads to the conclusion,
the knowledge, the realization via meditative analysis, that the person does not
exist as it appears, does not exist intrinsically. One realizes the emptiness of the person, the person’s lack
of existing in and of herself.
D. Combining stabilizing meditation with analysis
E. Non-conceptual realization of emptiness = realizing nirvana, actual
antidote
F. Alternating between two channels, practicing compassion and wisdom:
developing form (earthly and bliss) and truth bodies
G. How a buddha sees stuff